Our Subtitling Services

Subtitle Formats & Platforms

Accessibility & Compliance

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Gotham Lab provides professional subtitling services in New York City for production companies, distributors, streaming platforms, broadcast networks, and content creators across every industry. Our in-house team of native-speaking subtitlers and caption editors delivers multilingual subtitles, SDH subtitles, and closed captioning in every major delivery format — with no outsourcing, no third-party vendors, and rates 20–30% below the national average.

We have been providing video subtitling and closed captioning services since 2007 — nearly two decades of experience that sets Gotham Lab apart from other subtitling companies in New York and nationally. Every subtitle file we deliver is reviewed against the source video for timing accuracy, reading speed compliance, character-per-line limits, and linguistic precision before leaving our studio.

Whether you need SRT subtitles for a YouTube series, Netflix-compliant DFXP files for a streaming release, SDH subtitles for broadcast accessibility compliance, or a complete multilingual subtitle package for international distribution, Gotham Lab’s subtitling services team handles every format, every platform, and every language pair in-house from our New York City office

Our Subtitling & Captioning Services

Gotham Lab provides end-to-end subtitling and captioning services for every distribution channel, platform, and content type. Every service is performed in-house by our New York City-based team.

Service What's included Learn more
Multilingual subtitling Subtitle translation and creation in 50+ languages for film, television, streaming, broadcast, and digital content. Native-speaking subtitlers matched to your language pair. Get a quote
SDH subtitles Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing — includes dialogue, speaker identification, sound effects, and music descriptions. Required for Netflix, Amazon, Disney+, and broadcast. Get a quote
Closed captioning FCC-compliant closed captioning for broadcast television, streaming platforms, and online video. SCC, SRT, and platform-specific formats delivered to spec. Get a quote
Film & theatrical subtitling Feature film and documentary subtitling for international theatrical release, festival submission, and distribution delivery packages. View service
Streaming platform subtitling Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, Apple TV+, Hulu, and HBO Max compliant subtitle files in DFXP, TTML, VTT, and platform-specific formats. Get a quote
Broadcast subtitling Broadcast-standard subtitle files for network television, cable, and satellite delivery. PAC, STL, EBU, and all broadcast formats available. Get a quote
Subtitle file format conversion Conversion between SRT, VTT, SCC, TTML, DFXP, STL, PAC, EBU, and other subtitle formats while preserving all timecodes and formatting. Get a quote
Subtitle QC & review Quality control review of existing subtitle files against the source video — timing accuracy, reading speed compliance, character limits, and linguistic review. Get a quote
CCSL spotting list Combined Continuity and Spotting List creation — the master subtitle timing document required for international distribution and streaming platform delivery. View service

Subtitles, Closed Captions & SDH — What’s the Difference?

Subtitles, closed captions, and SDH subtitles are three distinct formats that serve different audiences and purposes — and understanding the difference is critical for meeting platform delivery requirements and accessibility compliance obligations.

Subtitles

Subtitles are text displays of spoken dialogue translated into a target language, intended for viewers who can hear the audio but do not speak the source language. They translate only the spoken words — they do not describe sound effects, music, or ambient audio. Subtitles are the primary format for international distribution and foreign-language releases.

Closed captions

Closed captions are a text representation of all audio content in a video — including spoken dialogue, speaker identification, sound effects, music descriptions, and silence notations. They are intended primarily for viewers who are deaf or hard of hearing and who are watching content in their own language. FCC regulations require closed captions on broadcast television content. Major streaming platforms including Netflix, Amazon, and Disney+ require closed captions on all English-language content as a condition of delivery.

SDH subtitles — Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing

SDH subtitles combine the translation function of subtitles with the accessibility features of closed captions — providing a translated text of the dialogue alongside speaker identification, sound effect descriptions, and music cues. SDH is the required format for foreign-language accessibility compliance on streaming platforms. Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, and Disney+ all require SDH tracks in addition to standard subtitle tracks for international content packages.

Gotham Lab provides all three formats — standard subtitles, closed captions, and SDH subtitles — delivered in every required file format for every distribution channel.

Closed captioning and subtitling services for broadcast and streaming — Gotham Lab New York

Subtitle File Formats We Deliver

Gotham Lab delivers subtitle files in every major format required by streaming platforms, broadcast networks, theatrical distributors, and digital platforms. We match the exact technical specifications of your delivery target — no reformatting required on your end.

Format Full name Used for Gotham Lab delivers
SRT SubRip Text Universal web, social media, YouTube, general streaming ✓ Yes — get a quote
VTT WebVTT HTML5 video, web platforms, YouTube, general streaming ✓ Yes — get a quote
SCC Scenarist Closed Caption US broadcast television, DVD, Blu-ray ✓ Yes — get a quote
TTML / DFXP Timed Text Markup Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, broadcast ✓ Yes — get a quote
STL Spruce Subtitle File DVD, Blu-ray, broadcast Europe ✓ Yes — get a quote
PAC Screen Electronics PAC Broadcast Europe, EBU standard ✓ Yes — get a quote
EBU STL EBU Subtitle File European broadcast standard ✓ Yes — get a quote
Netflix DFXP Netflix Timed Text Netflix platform delivery — specific formatting rules apply ✓ Yes — get a quote
iTunes iTT iTunes Timed Text Apple TV+, iTunes platform delivery ✓ Yes — get a quote
CAP Cheetah CAP US broadcast, legacy format ✓ Yes — get a quote

Need a format not listed above? Contact us — we work with all major subtitle formats and can convert between formats while preserving all timecodes and formatting.

If your platform or distributor requires a format not listed above, contact us to confirm availability. We work with all major subtitle formats and can convert between formats while preserving timecodes, formatting, and style information.

Streaming Platform Subtitle Delivery

Each major streaming platform has specific technical requirements for subtitle and closed caption file delivery. Non-compliant files trigger delivery rejections that delay your release and require costly rework. Gotham Lab’s subtitling team is familiar with the current technical specifications of every major platform and delivers files that pass quality control on the first submission.

Netflix subtitle requirements

Netflix requires subtitle files in TTML/DFXP format for all foreign-language content and English SDH tracks for all content. Netflix has specific requirements for font, position, reading speed (17 characters per second maximum), line breaks, italics usage, and timecode precision. All Netflix subtitle deliveries must be accompanied by a CCSL spotting list for series and feature content. Gotham Lab delivers Netflix-compliant subtitle packages including the required DFXP files, SDH tracks, and CCSL documentation.

Amazon Prime Video

Amazon requires subtitle files in TTML format with specific styling constraints and reading speed limits. Like Netflix, Amazon requires SDH tracks for all content in addition to standard subtitle tracks. Gotham Lab delivers Amazon-compliant subtitle packages in TTML format meeting all current Amazon delivery specifications.

Disney+ and Hulu

Disney+ and Hulu both require subtitle files in TTML or VTT format depending on content type, with specific requirements for SDH tracks, reading speed, and character-per-line limits. Gotham Lab is familiar with the current delivery specifications for both platforms and delivers compliant subtitle packages for Disney+ and Hulu content.

Broadcast and theatrical

Broadcast television delivery typically requires SCC format for US networks and STL or EBU PAC format for European broadcasters. Theatrical distribution packages typically require subtitle files embedded in a DCP (Digital Cinema Package) alongside the film master. Gotham Lab provides subtitle files in all broadcast and theatrical formats and can coordinate with your DCP mastering facility for theatrical delivery.

Film & Festival Subtitling

Gotham Lab provides specialist subtitling services for feature films, documentaries, short films, and episodic content for international theatrical release, festival submission, and distribution delivery. Film subtitling requires more than technical accuracy — it demands understanding of character voice, dramatic pacing, comedic timing, and the emotional register of the source dialogue.

Our film subtitlers are native speakers selected for their entertainment industry expertise and their understanding of the craft requirements of cinematic subtitling. We work with production companies, distributors, independent filmmakers, and festival programmers to deliver subtitle packages that meet the technical requirements of every distribution channel and the creative standards of every project.

For filmmakers requiring complete international distribution packages including subtitling, dubbing, and CCSL creation, our movie localization services team provides end-to-end film localization from first translation through final delivery.

Film festival subtitle requirements vary by festival — Sundance, Tribeca, Cannes, Berlin, Venice, and TIFF each have specific format and timing requirements for foreign-language screenings. Contact us with your festival submission deadline and we will confirm the specific format and timeline requirements before beginning work.

Accessibility & Compliance — FCC, ADA & WCAG

Closed captioning and SDH subtitles are not optional for many content types — they are legally required. Understanding which regulations apply to your content is critical for compliance and for avoiding penalties.

FCC closed captioning requirements

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requires closed captions on all television programming in the United States, including content that was originally broadcast with captions and is later distributed online. Video programming distributors and providers must comply with FCC caption quality standards covering accuracy, synchronicity, completeness, and placement. Gotham Lab provides FCC-compliant closed captioning in SCC and all required broadcast formats.

ADA and
Section 508 compliance

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act require federal agencies and organizations receiving federal funding to ensure that multimedia content is accessible to people with disabilities. For video content, this means providing accurate closed captions and — where applicable — audio description. Gotham Lab provides ADA and Section 508-compliant captioning services and works with organizations to audit and remediate existing caption files for compliance.

WCAG 2.1 web accessibility guidelines

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) 2.1 require captions for all pre-recorded audio content in synchronized media at the AA compliance level. For organizations publishing video on websites, intranets, or digital platforms, WCAG compliance requires accurate, synchronized closed captions. Gotham Lab provides WCAG-compliant caption files in all web-compatible formats including VTT and SRT.


* For organizations requiring full multimedia accessibility compliance including both captioning and audio description, Gotham Lab’s  audio description services team provides end-to-end accessibility solutions meeting all current US and international standards.

Free quote — same day response

Contact us for a precise project quote. We respond to all inquiries within one business day. Rush turnaround available for time-sensitive deadlines. Ready to start? Contact Gotham Lab for a free consultation!

Why Choose Gotham Lab as Your Subtitling Company?

What sets Gotham Lab apart from every other subtitling company in New York — five reasons our clients never look elsewhere.

Why Gotham LabWhat it means for you
Nearly two decades of subtitling expertiseGotham Lab has been providing professional subtitling and closed captioning services since 2007 — nearly twenty years of experience working with production companies, distributors, streaming platforms, broadcast networks, museums, and corporate clients. Our depth of experience in subtitle timing, platform-specific formatting, and multilingual quality control is unmatched among subtitling companies in New York.
In-house team — no outsourcingEvery subtitle translation, timing, formatting, and quality review at Gotham Lab is handled exclusively by our NYC-based team. We never subcontract your content to third-party vendors or offshore subtitle houses. This ensures consistent quality, complete confidentiality, and a single accountable point of contact from intake through delivery.
99% subtitle accuracy — guaranteedEvery subtitle file we deliver undergoes a rigorous two-stage quality control process — subtitle creation and translation by a native-speaking specialist, followed by independent review against the source video by a second qualified subtitler. Our subtitle accuracy is guaranteed. If any timing or linguistic error is identified after delivery, we correct it at no additional charge.
Proprietary cloud-based subtitling platformGotham Lab uses a proprietary cloud-based subtitling and captioning platform that enables our subtitle editors to collaborate in real time, reducing turnaround times and ensuring consistency across large multilingual projects. This technology advantage — combined with our in-house team — means we deliver subtitles faster and at lower cost than competitors relying on third-party tools and outsourced networks.
20–30% below competitor ratesBecause we operate entirely in-house without a middleman markup, Gotham Lab's subtitling rates start from $6 per minute — consistently 50–63% below the national average for film subtitling. Professional-grade subtitling with guaranteed accuracy, platform-compliant delivery, and nearly two decades of expertise. Contact us for a free quote.

Ready to start your subtitling project? Get a free quote today.

Contact Gotham Lab: info@gothamlab.com | +1 347-587-8110 | 340 W 42nd St #2424, New York, NY 10108

f.a.q.

Frequently Asked Questions — Subtitling Services

Ten of the most common questions about subtitling services, closed captioning, SDH, subtitle file formats, and streaming platform delivery — answered by our New York City team.

What is the difference between subtitles and closed captions?
Subtitles translate spoken dialogue into a target language for viewers who can hear the audio but do not speak the source language. Closed captions transcribe all audio content — including dialogue, sound effects, music descriptions, and speaker identification — for viewers who are deaf or hard of hearing in the same language as the content. SDH subtitles combine both: translated dialogue plus accessibility descriptions for foreign-language audiences. Gotham Lab provides all three formats for every platform and distribution channel.
What subtitle file format do I need for Netflix?
Netflix requires subtitle files in TTML/DFXP format with specific styling constraints, a reading speed limit of 17 characters per second, and SDH tracks for all content. Netflix also requires a CCSL spotting list for feature content. Gotham Lab delivers Netflix-compliant subtitle packages including DFXP files, SDH tracks, and CCSL documentation — guaranteed to pass Netflix quality control on first submission.
How much do subtitling services cost?
Gotham Lab's subtitling rates start from $6 per minute for film subtitling — 50–63% below the national average of $12–30 per minute. Closed captioning starts from $5 per minute. Rates vary depending on language pair, content complexity, format requirements, and turnaround time. Contact us for a free project quote — we respond within one business day.
How long does subtitling take?
A standard feature-length film (90–120 minutes) typically requires 5–10 business days per language for professional subtitling including translation, timing, quality review, and format delivery. Short-form content under 10 minutes can typically be completed in 1–2 business days. Rush delivery is available for festival deadlines and distribution submissions at an additional fee.
What languages do you provide subtitling in?
Gotham Lab provides subtitling services in 50+ languages including Spanish, French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Mandarin, Japanese, Korean, Arabic, Hindi, Russian, Polish, Dutch, Swedish, and more. All subtitle translators are native speakers of the target language with entertainment industry expertise. View our full language list.
Do you provide subtitling for film festivals?
Yes. Gotham Lab provides subtitling for Sundance, Tribeca, Cannes, Berlin, Venice, TIFF, and other major international film festivals. Festival submission deadlines are often tight — contact us as early as possible with your submission deadline so we can confirm format requirements and timeline before work begins. We also provide complete movie localization packages for festival and distribution submissions.
What is SDH and do I need it?
SDH stands for Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing. SDH combines translated subtitle text with accessibility descriptions — speaker identification, sound effects, and music cues — for foreign-language audiences who are also deaf or hard of hearing. Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, and most major streaming platforms require SDH tracks in addition to standard subtitle tracks as part of their accessibility compliance requirements. If you are delivering content to any major streaming platform, you almost certainly need SDH.
Can you convert subtitle files between formats?
Yes. Gotham Lab provides subtitle file format conversion between all major formats including SRT, VTT, SCC, TTML, DFXP, STL, PAC, EBU, iTunes iTT, and CAP — while preserving all timecodes, styling, and formatting. Contact us with your source format and target format and we will confirm turnaround time and pricing.
Do you provide closed captioning for online video?
Yes. Gotham Lab provides closed captioning for online video in all web-compatible formats including VTT and SRT. Our captions meet WCAG 2.1 AA accessibility guidelines and FCC caption quality standards. We work with corporate communications teams, educational institutions, government agencies, and content publishers to ensure all video content meets accessibility compliance requirements. Contact us for a free captioning quote.
Is all subtitling work done in New York?
Yes — all subtitle translation, timing, quality review, and format delivery is handled in-house by our New York City team at 340 W 42nd St #2424, New York, NY 10108. We never outsource subtitle projects to third-party vendors or offshore subtitle houses. This ensures consistent quality, complete confidentiality, and accountable project management from intake through delivery.

Get a Free Subtitling Quote Today

Whether you need SRT subtitles for a social media series, Netflix-compliant DFXP files for a streaming release, FCC-compliant closed captions for broadcast delivery, or a complete multilingual subtitle package for international distribution, Gotham Lab’s New York subtitling services team is ready to support your project from consultation through delivery.

As one of New York’s most experienced subtitling companies, we respond to all project inquiries within one business day and offer rush turnaround for time-sensitive releases and festival deadlines. Contact us for a free consultation and project quote — no commitment required.

Ready to start your subtitling project? Contact Gotham Lab for a free consultation —

Contact Gotham Lab: info@gothamlab.com  |  +1 347-587-8110  |  340 W 42nd St #2424, New York, NY 10108

Gotham Lab – NYC

Address: 340 W 42nd St #2424, New York, NY 10108

Phone: +1 347-587-8110

Email: info@gothamlab.com

Hours: Mon–Fri: 8:00am–7:00pm  |  Sat: 9:00am–5:00pm